What type of acid is commonly found in skin exfoliants?

Salicylic acid is a beta hydroxy acid (BHA) that is commonly used in skin exfoliants, particularly those formulated for acne-prone or oily skin due to its ability to penetrate into the pores and help in dissolving the bonds that hold dead skin cells together. This not only promotes cell turnover but also helps to prevent clogged pores and reduce breakouts. Salicylic acid possesses anti-inflammatory properties as well, making it effective for soothing inflamed skin conditions.

In contrast, while citric acid, tartaric acid, and lactic acid are also used in skin care, they serve slightly different purposes. Citric acid is primarily an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) known for its brightening effects and is often used in lightening products. Tartaric acid also has exfoliating properties but is less commonly used compared to other acids. Lactic acid, another AHA, is often favored for its gentle exfoliating nature and hydrating properties. Each of these acids has its own specific benefits, but salicylic acid stands out for its targeted action in treating and preventing acne through its unique ability to penetrate oily skin and the pores it contains.